Why it works: Butter and flour are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 12% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes. Both carry isobutyraldehyde, which smells malty, green. The science ↓
Beefsteak and Kidney Pudding
Ingredients
Directions
Prepare the crust
Prepare a suet crust by mixing flour, suet, egg, salt, and enough water to form a dough.
Line the sides of a pudding dish with the suet crust.
Fill and cook
Layer beefsteak in the dish, seasoning with salt, pepper, and butter.
Add a layer of kidney, and repeat until the dish is full.
Pour in ½ cup of water and cover with more crust.
Place the dish in a bag and boil for 4 hours.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
-
Butter + flourtop 12% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together124,287 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Flour + eggtop 15% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together106,462 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Butter + eggtop 17% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together118,967 recipes
Shared aroma: decanal (soap, orange peel).
-
Pepper + flourtop 19% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together50,459 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Pepper + buttertop 21% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together85,593 recipes
Shared aroma: trans-2-nonenal (cardboard, fatty).
Butter and flour barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 124,287 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Beefsteak
- Forms the main meaty body of the pudding and becomes tender during long cooking.
- Kidney
- Adds a rich, distinctive savoury flavour and firmer texture to the filling.
- Flour
- Forms the structure of the suet crust that holds the filling together.
- Suet
- Adds fat that keeps the crust rich, tender, and moist during steaming.
- Egg
- Binds the crust dough so it holds together when rolled and lined.
- Butter
- Adds fat and richness to the meat layers as they cook.
The step that matters
Boil for 4 hours in a bag. The pudding must stay submerged and sealed so it steams evenly. Long, gentle cooking breaks down the meat's connective tissue, making it tender. If the water level drops or the bag leaks, the crust can dry out and the filling can toughen.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
You might also like
The free Flavor Lab newsletter: one surprising pairing a week and the molecular reason it works, in 60 seconds. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Prefer an account? Create a free account to save pairings and unlock the full chemistry.
Tomato Soup526 recipes
Brown Bread461 recipes
Mutton Broth292 recipes
Yorkshire Pudding264 recipes