Why it works: Sugar and flour are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 15% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 92,116 recipes. Both carry phenylacetaldehyde, which smells hawthorne, honey. The science ↓
Two-crust Lemon Pie
Ingredients
Directions
The book gives no oven temperature. The 300°F (150°C) in the steps was added when the recipe was transcribed, as a starting point.
Prepare
Line your pie tin with the crust.
Roll the lemons to soften them, then grate the rind.
Cut the lemons into thin slices and remove the seeds.
Spread the lemon slices evenly over the crust.
Sprinkle 1 cup of sugar over the lemon slices.
Make the filling
In a bowl, mix 4 tablespoons of flour with cold water to make a paste.
Pour boiling water into the paste while stirring on the stove until thickened.
Add a pinch of salt and the grated lemon rind to the thickened mixture.
Pour the mixture over the sugar and lemon slices.
Bake
Cover with another crust, cutting slits to let out air.
Bake at 300°F (150°C) until golden.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
-
Sugar + flourtop 15% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together92,116 recipes
Shared aroma: phenylacetaldehyde (hawthorne, honey).
-
Lemon + flourtop 17% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together30,404 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
-
Lemon + sugartop 18% of all pairsSmell alikelowCooked together53,532 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-nonenal (fatty, green).
Lemon and sugar barely smell alike, yet cooks put them together in 53,532 recipes: they work on texture and structure more than aroma.
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Lemons
- Supply the sour flavour and aromatic rind that define the pie.
- Sugar
- Sweetens the filling and balances the sharpness of the lemon.
- Flour
- Thickens the filling so it sets rather than running out when cut.
- Pie crust
- Forms the base and top that hold the filling and brown in the oven.
The step that matters
Thickening the flour paste. Flour must be fully mixed with cold water before boiling water is added, and stirred constantly, so starch granules swell evenly without lumps. Once thickened, the filling sets as it cools, which gives a sliceable pie.
Swap the lemon
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (sugar, flour):
- Raisinfits better
- Vanillafits better
- Blueberryfits better
- Lemonthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against sugar, flour. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
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