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Dessert

Mustacioli Biscuits

A spiced almond and flour biscuit baked at 300°F, finished with icing or syrup.

From an old cookbook · modernised transcription
From a historical cookbook (Internet Archive) · 8 ingredients
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Why it works: Cinnamon and nutmeg match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 11,917 recipes. Both carry estragole, which smells anise, licorice. The science ↓

Mustacioli Biscuits

Oven, in the book's wordsA slack oven

Ingredients

Directions

The book says “a slack oven”. The 300°F (150°C) in the steps is the modern equivalent, not the book's own figure.

Prepare the dough

  1. Pound the almonds very fine, moistening them with an egg.

  2. Once smooth, place on a marble slab and add flour and sugar.

  3. Sift the pepper, cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg, then mix with the almond mixture.

  4. Add enough eggs to make a malleable paste.

Bake and finish

  1. Shape the dough as desired and bake in a 300°F (150°C) oven.

  2. Once baked, ice the biscuits with white or chocolate icing, or brush with syrup.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

  1. Cinnamon + nutmegtop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together11,917 recipes

    Shared aroma: estragole (anise, licorice).

  2. Cinnamon + clovetop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together14,189 recipes

    Shared aroma: ethyl cinnamate (sweet, balsamic).

  3. Clove + nutmegtop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together8,686 recipes

    Shared aroma: estragole (anise, licorice).

  4. Almond + cinnamontop 1% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together3,514 recipes

    Shared aroma: eucalyptol (eucalyptus, herbal).

  5. Almond + nutmegtop 4% of all pairs
    Smell alikestrong
    Cooked together2,115 recipes

    Shared aroma: eucalyptol (eucalyptus, herbal).

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Almonds
Provide the bulk of the dough and a rich, nutty body once pounded fine.
Flour
Gives the paste structure so it holds its shape while baking.
Eggs
Bind the almonds and flour into a cohesive, pliable dough.
Sugar
Adds sweetness and helps the biscuits brown during baking.
Cinnamon
Contributes warm aroma and flavor to the spiced dough.

The step that matters

Adding the eggs to form a malleable paste. Eggs must be added gradually. Too little leaves a crumbly dough that will not hold its shape, while too much makes it sticky and hard to handle, since egg proteins and flour starch set the dough structure during baking.

Swap the almond

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (flour, sugar, pepper, cinnamon, clove, nutmeg, egg):

  1. Almondthe original
  2. Chestnutfits about as well
  3. Chickpeafits about as well
  4. Cashew nutfits less well

Fit is the average pairing score against flour, sugar, pepper, cinnamon, clove, nutmeg, egg. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.

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