Why it works: Sage and pepper match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 3% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 5,388 recipes. Both carry beta-phellandrene, which smells minty, terpene. The science ↓
Roast Duck
Ingredients
Directions
Hang the duck for 1-2 days before dressing.
Stuff the duck with sage and onion stuffing.
If cooking two ducks, leave one unstuffed.
Baste the duck well during cooking.
A few minutes before serving, dredge the duck with flour to make it froth and look plump.
Pour good brown gravy around the duck, not over it.
Serve with green peas.
For a variation, stuff with chopped sour apples and well-steeped, stoned prunes seasoned with salt and pepper.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
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Sage + peppertop 3% of all pairsSmell alikestrongCooked together5,388 recipes
Shared aroma: beta-phellandrene (minty, terpene).
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Sage + appletop 10% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together755 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-hexenal (green, leafy).
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Onion + peppertop 11% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together68,474 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (earthy, pea).
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Sage + oniontop 12% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together3,628 recipes
Shared aroma: coumarin (sweet, hay).
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Sage + flourtop 13% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together2,115 recipes
Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
Swap the apple
The recipe marks apple as optional. How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (sage, onion, flour, peas, pepper):
- Limefits better
- Lemonfits better
- Avocadofits better
- Applethe original
Fit is the average pairing score against sage, onion, flour, peas, pepper. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
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