Why it works: Bread and milk are a kitchen classic. They rank in the top 11% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 11,466 recipes. Both carry 2-undecenal, which smells sweet. The science ↓
Viennoise Pudding
Ingredients
Directions
Make the caramel
In an iron saucepan, combine 1 oz of sugar and 1 teaspoon of water. Heat until the sugar melts and turns dark brown.
Pour the milk into the caramel and let it stand to color.
Prepare the pudding
In a basin, mix the bread, raisins, peel, and sugar together.
Beat the eggs and mix them with the caramelized milk until well combined.
Pour the mixture over the bread mixture and let it soak.
Steam and finish
Grease a mold and steam the pudding until firm, about 1.5 hours. If using small molds, steam for 1 hour.
If desired, add ½ glass of sherry and increase the bread by ½ oz.
Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.
Photo for illustrative purposes only · Contact us to use it
Explore the science
The flavor team
The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.
-
Bread + milktop 11% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together11,466 recipes
Shared aroma: 2-undecenal (sweet).
-
Raisin + sugartop 13% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together12,481 recipes
Shared aroma: beta-damascenone (apple, rose).
-
Bread + eggtop 13% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together22,662 recipes
Shared aroma: (e)-2-octenal (fatty, green).
-
Milk + sherrytop 14% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together1,479 recipes
Shared aroma: 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine (cocoa, roasted).
-
Raisin + milktop 15% of all pairsSmell alikemoderateCooked together7,155 recipes
Shared aroma: decanoic acid (acides aroma).
Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs
What each ingredient does
- Stale bread
- Absorbs the custard mixture and gives the pudding its body as it soaks and sets.
- Eggs
- Bind the milk and bread together and set the pudding firm when steamed.
- Milk
- Forms the custard that soaks the bread and provides moisture throughout the pudding.
- Sugar
- Sweetens the pudding and, when melted to dark brown, gives the caramel its flavor and color.
- Sultana raisins
- Add sweetness and chewy texture scattered through the soaked bread.
The step that matters
Heat the sugar until dark brown. Sugar melts and then darkens quickly, so it can burn and turn bitter if left unattended. Removing it at the right colour gives a rich caramel flavour without bitterness.
Swap the raisin
How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (bread, sugar, milk, egg, sherry):
- Vanillafits better
- Figfits better
- Applefits better
- Raisinthe original
Fit is the average pairing score against bread, sugar, milk, egg, sherry. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.
“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.
You might also like
The free Flavor Lab newsletter: one surprising pairing a week and the molecular reason it works, in 60 seconds. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Prefer an account? Create a free account to save pairings and unlock the full chemistry.

Bread Pudding153 recipes
Soft Ginger Bread85 recipes
Orange Potato Bread80 recipes
Brown Bread Pudding47 recipes