Name: Graham Flour Pudding
Ingredients: 1½ cups Graham flour; ½ cup molasses; ½ cup butter; ½ cup sweet milk; 1 egg; 1 teaspoon baking soda; 1 cup raisins; 1 teaspoon cinnamon; ¼ teaspoon cloves

Why it works: Cinnamon and clove match in chemistry and in kitchens. They rank in the top 1% of all ingredient pairs, and cooks put them together in 14,189 recipes. Both carry ethyl cinnamate, which smells sweet, balsamic. The science ↓

Graham Flour Pudding

Ingredients

Directions

Make the batter

In a large bowl, mix together the Graham flour, molasses, butter, sweet milk, and egg until well combined.
Stir in the baking soda, raisins, cinnamon, and cloves.

Steam

Pour the mixture into a greased pudding mold.
Steam the pudding for 2 hours.

Recipe from a historical cookbook (Internet Archive).

Transcribed from a scanned cookbook and modernised for today's kitchens. Where the book gave no heat or time, or said "a moderate oven", the temperatures and times here may be modern equivalents rather than the book's own figures.

Explore the science

The flavor team

The pairs that carry this dish. Each one is judged two ways: how much their aromas overlap, and how often cooks already put them together.

Cinnamon + clovetop 1% of all pairs

Smell alikestrong

Cooked together14,189 recipes

Shared aroma: ethyl cinnamate (sweet, balsamic).
Flour + raisintop 1% of all pairs

Smell alikestrong

Cooked together9,075 recipes

Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).
Raisin + cinnamontop 1% of all pairs

Smell alikemoderate

Cooked together5,390 recipes

Shared aroma: 1-octen-3-ol (mushroom, earthy).
Butter + milktop 7% of all pairs

Smell alikemoderate

Cooked together81,283 recipes

Shared aroma: (z)-4-heptenal (biscuit, cream).
Flour + cinnamontop 9% of all pairs

Smell alikemoderate

Cooked together17,341 recipes

Shared aroma: isobutyraldehyde (malty, green).

Ranks compare each pair with 20,000 random ingredient pairs on CompKitchen. How we score pairs

What each ingredient does

Graham flour: Provides the bulk and structure of the pudding.
Molasses: Adds sweetness, dark color, and moisture.
Butter: Adds fat for richness and a tender crumb.
Egg: Binds the batter and adds structure as it sets.
Baking soda: Reacts with the acidic molasses to help the pudding rise.

Swap the clove

How well each one fits the dish's main ingredients (flour, molasses, butter, milk, egg, raisin, cinnamon):

Nutmegfits better
Cardamomfits about as well
Clovethe original
Allspicefits about as well

Fit is the average pairing score against flour, molasses, butter, milk, egg, raisin, cinnamon. Candidates are from the same food group and used in at least 100 recipes.

“What each ingredient does” and “The step that matters” were written by Claude from this recipe’s own method and reviewed in samples by CompKitchen.